[1] See also Berge 1993(b), where the author defines the function of textual norms as follows:

" From my point of view the most important task of a norm system is to produce tokens or utterance texts that are the means whereby a specific goal in a specific situation is reached. A situation here is defined in terms of a social field. A social field (cf. Bourdieau [1986, my addition, PJC]) is defined as a scene where the communicators are striving towards a specific goal. The goal is symbolic capital, for instance the right to decide what a goal adequate text is.

The goal is socially accepted and conventionalised, and so is the communicative function which relates the textual norm system to the goal. The norm system than prescribes both the communicative function and how the text tokens of the system should normally be structured if the desired goal is to be attained.

What is implied here is the hypothesis that there exists an internal non-contingent causal relation between the normalised communicative goal G in the social field S, the communicative functions F which are normalised to reach G in S, and those textual norm systems N which are normalised as the means of F to reach G in S. These textual norms qualify the utterance text as a coherent semiotic object both at the expression plane and the content plane. This proposed causal relation can be expressed in the following way:

Gs -> Fs -> Ns" (Berge 1993(b), p. 10)

See also Coppock 1994 for a discussion of some problems with this model, especially those related to the notions of continuity and goal negotiation.

[2] The server technology used at the point of distribution limits the number of simultaneous links to any given document, but on high capacity systems there can be several hundred "hits" or "visits" to any given page simultaneously.

[3] See Coppock (in press) for a broader discussion of the concept of novice in this connection.